Journal of Liver Cancer

Review Articles

Radiologic features of hepatocellular carcinoma related to prognosis: Shin Hye Hwang, Hyungjin Rhee; J Liver Cancer. 2023;23(1):143-156. Published online March 9, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17998/jlc.2023.02.16

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The cross-sectional imaging findings play a crucial role in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recent studies have shown that imaging findings of HCC are not only relevant for the diagnosis of HCC, but also for identifying genetic and pathologic characteristics and determining prognosis. Imaging findings such as rim arterial phase hyperenhancement, arterial phase peritumoral hyperenhancement, hepatobiliary phase peritumoral hypointensity, non-smooth tumor margin, low apparent diffusion coefficient, and the LR-M category of the Liver Imaging-Reporting and Data System have been reported to be associated with poor prognosis. In contrast, imaging findings such as enhancing capsule appearance, hepatobiliary phase hyperintensity, and fat in mass have been reported to be associated with a favorable prognosis. Most of these imaging findings were examined in retrospective, single-center studies that were not adequately validated. However, the imaging findings can be applied for deciding the treatment strategy for HCC, if their significance can be confirmed by a large multicenter study. In this literature, we would like to review imaging findings related to the prognosis of HCC as well as their associated clinicopathological characteristics.

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Radiomics and machine learning based on preoperative MRI for predicting extrahepatic metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with transarterial chemoembolization
Gang Peng, Xiaojing Cao, Xiaoyu Huang, Xiang Zhou
European Journal of Radiology Open.2024; 12: 100551. CrossRef
Imaging prognostication and tumor biology in hepatocellular carcinoma
Diana Kadi, Marilyn F. Yamamoto, Emily C. Lerner, Hanyu Jiang, Kathryn J. Fowler, Mustafa R. Bashir
Journal of Liver Cancer.2023; 23(2): 284. CrossRef

Update on Pathologic and Radiologic Diagnosis of Combined Hepatocellular-Cholangiocarcinoma: Hyungjin Rhee, Jae Hyon Park, Young Nyun Park; J Liver Cancer. 2021;21(1):12-24. Published online March 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17998/jlc.21.1.12

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Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) is a malignant primary liver carcinoma characterized by the unequivocal presence of both hepatocytic and cholangiocytic differentiation within the same tumor. Recent research has highlighted that cHCC-CCAs are more heterogeneous than previously expected. In the updated consensus terminology and WHO 2019 classification, “classical type” and “subtypes with stem-cell features” of the WHO 2010 classification are no longer recommended. Instead, it is recommended that the presence and percentages of various histopathologic components and stem-cell features be mentioned in the pathologic report. The new terminology and classification enable the exchange of clearer and more objective information about cHCC-CCAs, facilitating multi-center and multinational research. However, there are limitations to the diagnosis of cHCC-CCA by imaging and biopsy. cHCC-CCAs showing typical imaging findings of HCC could be misdiagnosed as HCC and subjected to inappropriate treatment, if other clinical findings are not sufficiently considered. cHCC-CCAs showing at least one of the CCA-like imaging features or unusual clinical features should be subjected to biopsy. There may be a sampling error for the biopsy diagnosis of cHCC-CCA. An optimized diagnostic algorithm integrating clinical, radiological, and histopathologic information of biopsy is required to resolve these diagnostic pitfalls.

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Differentiation between hepatic angiomyolipoma and hepatocellular carcinoma in individuals who are not at-risk for hepatocellular carcinoma
Sungtae Park, Myeong-Jin Kim, Kyunghwa Han, Jae Hyon Park, Dai Hoon Han, Young Nyun Park, Jaehyo Kim, Hyungjin Rhee
European Journal of Radiology.2023; 166: 110957. CrossRef
The Human TOR Signaling Regulator Is the Key Indicator of Liver Cancer Patients’ Overall Survival: TIPRL/LC3/CD133/CD44 as Potential Biomarkers for Early Liver Cancers
Soo Young Jun, Hyang Ran Yoon, Ji-Yong Yoon, Su-Jin Jeon, Jeong-Ju Lee, Debasish Halder, Jin-Man Kim, Nam-Soon Kim
Cancers.2021; 13(12): 2925. CrossRef

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